Mango
Scientific Name: Mangifera indica
Description
The mango is a tropical stone fruit belonging to the genus Mangifera, originating from South Asia. It is characterized by its sweet, juicy flesh and typically green, yellow, or red skin, depending on the variety. Mangos are a rich source of vitamins, particularly vitamin C, and are enjoyed fresh or used in a variety of culinary dishes.
Where it Grows
- India
- Pakistan
- Bangladesh
- Thailand
- Mexico
- Egypt
- Indonesia
- Philippines
Planting
When
- Recommended planting season: Spring to early summer, ensuring temperatures are consistently warm.
How
- Select a Location: Choose a sunny spot with well-draining soil.
- Prepare the Soil: Loosen the soil and amend it with compost.
- Planting: Dig a hole larger than the root ball, place the seedling, and fill in gently.
- Water: Water the newly planted mango tree thoroughly.
Care
Watering
- Young trees require regular watering (every 1-2 weeks).
- Mature trees need deep watering during dry spells.
Thinning
- Thin out excessive branches to ensure good airflow and light penetration.
Weeding
- Keep the area around the plant free from weeds to reduce competition for nutrients.
Mulching
- Apply organic mulch to maintain soil moisture and regulate temperature.
Fertilizing
- Use a balanced fertilizer every couple of months during the growing season.
Pest Management
- Monitor for pests like aphids, mango hoppers, and scale insects. Use organic insecticides as necessary.
Harvesting
- Harvest mangoes when they reach the desired size, color, and firmness, typically in late summer to early fall.
Common Problems
- Anthracnose: Fungal disease causing lesions on fruit and leaves.
- Fruit Fly Infestation: Pests that damage ripe fruit, requiring careful management.
Nutrition
Nutritional Benefits
- High in vitamin C, vitamin A, folate, and dietary fiber.
- Low in calories, making it a healthy snack choice.
Nutritional Composition (per 100g)
| Nutrient | Amount |
|---|---|
| Calories | 60 kcal |
| Carbohydrates | 15 g |
| Protein | 0.8 g |
| Fat | 0.4 g |
| Fiber | 1.6 g |
| Vitamin C | 36.4 mg |
| Vitamin A | 54 �g |
| Folate | 43 �g |
Varieties of Mango
- Alphonso
- Haden
- Tommy Atkins
- Kent
- Keitt
Health Benefits
- Supports immune function due to high vitamin C content.
- Aids digestion with dietary fiber.
- May improve heart health due to a variety of antioxidants.
Fun Facts
- Mango is known as the "king of fruits" in many cultures.
- They can be eaten green (unripe) or ripe and are used in both sweet and savory dishes.
- The mango tree is considered sacred in some cultures, symbolizing love and fertility.