Cherry
Scientific Name: Prunus avium
Description
The cherry tree is a deciduous tree known for its beautiful blossoms and delicious fruit. Cherry trees belong to the Rosaceae family and are predominantly identified by their round fruits that can be sweet or sour, depending on the variety. They produce a showy display of white or pink flowers in spring and are often grown for their ornamental value as well as their fruit.
Where it Grows
- United States
- Canada
- Europe
- Asia
- Australia
Planting
When
Cherry trees are best planted in early spring or fall, when the weather is cooler.
How
- Select a planting site with full sun and well-drained soil.
- Dig a hole about twice the size of the root ball.
- Place the tree in the hole, ensuring that the graft union is above the soil line.
- Fill in the hole with soil and water thoroughly.
Care
Watering
- Water consistently, especially during dry spells.
- Young trees require more frequent watering.
Thinning
- Thin fruits to avoid overcrowding and ensure larger fruit sizes.
- Recommended to thin when the cherries are about the size of a pea.
Weeding
- Regularly remove weeds around the base and root zone of the tree to prevent competition for nutrients.
Mulching
- Use organic mulch to retain moisture and suppress weed growth.
- Maintain a 3-4 inch layer around the base of the tree, avoiding direct contact with the trunk.
Fertilizing
- Fertilize in early spring with a balanced fertilizer.
- Follow application instructions based on the age and size of the tree.
Pest Management
- Monitor for pests such as aphids, cherry fruit flies, and spider mites.
- Use integrated pest management practices and organic solutions if necessary.
Harvesting
- Harvest cherries when they are fully colored and slightly soft to the touch.
- Pick by hand to avoid damaging the fruit and the tree.
Common Problems
- Cherry leaf spot
- Brown rot
- Powdery mildew
- Aphid infestations
Nutrition
Nutritional Benefits
- Rich in antioxidants
- Good source of vitamins A and C
- Promotes heart health and may improve sleep quality
Nutritional Composition (per 100g)
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| Calories | 50 kcal |
| Protein | 1 g |
| Fat | 0.3 g |
| Carbohydrates | 12 g |
| Fiber | 1.6 g |
| Vitamin C | 7 mg (12% DV) |
| Potassium | 222 mg (6% DV) |
Varieties of Cherry
- Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium)
- Sour Cherry (Prunus cerasus)
- Black Cherry (Prunus serotina)
- Japan's Somei Yoshino
Health Benefits
Cherry consumption is associated with a variety of health benefits, including:
- Anti-inflammatory properties
- Reduced risk of gout attacks
- Improved sleep due to melatonin content
- Enhanced recovery after exercise
Fun Facts
- The cherry blossom is Japan's national flower and symbolizes renewal.
- The tallest cherry tree stands in the U.S. and measures over 30 feet.
- There are over 1,000 varieties of cherries cultivated around the world!