Maple
Scientific Name: Acer
Description
Maple trees are deciduous forest trees known for their vibrant autumn foliage and their sap, which is harvested to make maple syrup. With approximately 128 species, these trees vary in size, leaf shape, and color. Maples typically have palmate leaves, winged seed pods, and distinctive, furrowed bark.
Where it Grows
- United States
- Canada
- Europe
- Asia
Planting
When
Maples should be planted in early spring or fall, when the soil is workable and the temperatures are mild.
How
- Choose a well-drained, sunny location.
- Dig a hole twice as wide and deep as the root ball.
- Place the tree in the hole, ensuring it is straight.
- Fill the hole with soil, avoiding air pockets, and water thoroughly.
Care
Watering
- Maples require consistent watering, especially during dry periods. Aim for 1 inch of water per week.
Thinning
- Thin out overcrowded branches to improve air circulation and light penetration, typically done in late winter.
Weeding
- Keep the area around the maple tree free of weeds to reduce competition for nutrients and moisture.
Mulching
- Apply a 2-4 inch layer of mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Fertilizing
- Fertilize in early spring with a balanced fertilizer if soil tests indicate nutrient deficiencies.
Pest Management
- Common pests include aphids, scale, and spider mites. Use insecticidal soap or natural predators where possible.
Harvesting
- Maple sap is typically harvested in late winter to early spring when temperatures fluctuate above and below freezing.
Common Problems
- Leaf scorch
- Verticillium wilt
- Anthracnose
Nutrition
Nutritional Benefits
- Maples are a source of sugar (sucrose), which provides quick energy, and their leaves can contain beneficial compounds such as antioxidants.
Nutritional Composition (per 100g)
| Nutrient | Amount |
|---|---|
| Calories | 172 kcal |
| Carbohydrates | 67 g |
| Sugars | 62 g |
| Fiber | 0 g |
| Protein | 0 g |
| Fat | 0 g |
Varieties of Maple
- Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)
- Red Maple (Acer rubrum)
- Japanese Maple (Acer palmatum)
- Norway Maple (Acer platanoides)
Health Benefits
- May help regulate blood sugar levels
- Contains antioxidants that promote overall health
- Potential anti-inflammatory properties
Fun Facts
- The sugar maple is the national tree of Canada.
- Maple wood is prized for its hardness and is used in furniture and flooring.
- The striking red and orange foliage in autumn makes maples a popular choice for landscaping.