Oregano
Scientific Name: Origanum vulgare
Description
Oregano is a perennial herb, commonly used in Mediterranean cuisine. It features small, aromatic leaves and can produce purple or white flowers in the summer. The leaves are usually green but can be variegated depending on the variety.
Where it Grows
- Greece
- Italy
- Turkey
- Iran
- United States
- Mexico
Planting
When
Oregano is best planted in the spring after the last frost date or in the fall in mild climates.
How
- Choose a well-drained location with full sun.
- Prepare the soil by mixing in compost or well-rotted manure.
- Plant seeds or seedlings 12-18 inches apart.
- Water lightly after planting.
Care
Watering
- Water deeply but infrequently; allow the soil to dry out between waterings.
Thinning
- Thin seedlings to allow adequate space for growth once they reach about 2 inches tall, leaving the healthiest plants spaced 12 inches apart.
Weeding
- Regularly remove weeds to reduce competition for nutrients and water.
Mulching
- Apply a light layer of mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds, especially in the first year.
Fertilizing
- Fertilize sparingly with a balanced, slow-release fertilizer during the growing season.
Pest Management
- Monitor for aphids and spider mites; manually remove or use insecticidal soap if necessary.
Harvesting
- Harvest leaves when the plant is 6-8 inches tall and use them fresh or dry them for storage.
Common Problems
- Overwatering: Can lead to root rot.
- Pests: Watch for aphids and spider mites.
- Fungal diseases: May occur in overly damp conditions.
Nutrition
Nutritional Benefits
Oregano is rich in antioxidants and has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral properties.
Nutritional Composition (per 100g)
| Nutrient | Amount |
|---|---|
| Calories | 265 kcal |
| Protein | 9 g |
| Carbohydrates | 68 g |
| Fat | 4 g |
| Dietary Fiber | 42 g |
| Vitamins | |
| Vitamin K | 622% RDI |
| Vitamin C | 12% RDI |
| Minerals | |
| Calcium | 50% RDI |
| Iron | 27% RDI |
Varieties of Oregano
- Greek Oregano (Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum)
- Italian Oregano (Origanum x majoricum)
- Mexican Oregano (Lippia graveolens)
Health Benefits
Oregano has traditionally been used to support respiratory health, digestive health, and is praised for its antimicrobial properties.
Fun Facts
- Oregano is often referred to as "wild marjoram."
- In ancient Greece, oregano was associated with joy and happiness, and was used in wedding ceremonies.
- Its name comes from the Greek words "oros" (mountain) and "ganos" (joy), meaning "joy of the mountain."